Use Of Progestin-Only Injectable Contraceptives Increases Blood Glucose Levels More Than Combined (Progestin & Estrogen) Injectable Contraceptives

Abstract

Hormonal injectable contraceptives consist of two types: combination injectable and progestin-only injectable. Both hormones influence blood glucose regulation, and prolonged use may lead to impaired glucose tolerance. This study aimed to compare the effects of progestin-only and combination injectable on fasting blood glucose levels over a specific duration of use. This quantitative study employed an observational, cross-sectional design involving 50 participants: 25 combination injectable users and 25 progestin-only injectable users. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured using Gluko Chek, and data collection took place from February to March 2020. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results showed that the average duration of progestin-only use was 5.8 ± 3 years, while combination injectable use averaged 6 ± 3.45 years. The mean fasting blood glucose level was higher among progestin-only users (110.36 ± 18.61 mg/dL) compared to combination injectable users (96.36 ± 16.86 mg/dL). The duration of use significantly affected fasting blood glucose levels for both types, with a greater increase observed in progestin-only users. These findings suggest that progestin-only injectable may pose a higher risk of elevated blood glucose levels than combination injectable. Healthcare providers are advised to offer counseling and regularly monitor blood glucose in users of progestin-only injectable to detect abnormalities early and reduce potential metabolic risks.